A Book Drive By The Great Malcolm X - 814 Words

Choosing a strategy allowed myself to identify those flaws that may make me unsuccessful as mentioned by Pink in his book Drive. According to Pink, motivation involves internal and external factors that we shelter within our lives that drive our path for success and motivate us to do all we know and want to do. I allowed myself to enter this challenge and was precisely aware of the road that I selected to fulfill my destiny, for it is after all that no road bears difficulties. It’s those obstacles of which I have succeeded to overcome that will permit me to be a winner of which we all are. I allowed myself to face such destiny head on and evade the irrational thoughts from others who seems to think that what I am doing may prove too challenging and deter my path for success. I remind them of a famous quote that I read, by the great Malcolm X of which I bear within my heart that states, â€Å"There are no better than adversity. Every defeat, every heartbreak, every loss, cont ains its own seed, its own lesson on how to improve your performance the next time†. After all, who says a defeat without challenges will not pose problems. J, Hammond, R. Keeney, H. Raiff in their article titled, â€Å" The Hidden Traps of Decision Making†, states that researchers have attempted to discover how the mind function in decision making for nearly a century. Also according to Hammond, Keeney, and Raiff we have a tendency to use our unconscious routine to cope with the complexity that areShow MoreRelatedA Book Drive By The Great Malcolm X1099 Words   |  5 Pages Strategy allowed myself to identify those flaws that may make me unsuccessful as mentioned by Pink in his book Drive. According to Pink, motivation involves internal and external factors that we harbor within our lives that drive our path for success and motivate us to do all we know and want to do. I allowed myself to enter this challenge and was very aware of the road that I chose to fulfi ll my destiny, for it is after all that no road bears difficulty. It’s those obstacles of which I haveRead MoreAnalysis Of Learning To Read By Malcolm X957 Words   |  4 Pagesdifferent ways. For Malcolm X, he found reading to be appealing and devoted so much time to it. Malcolm X recounts his personal history of learning to read and how he finds reading to be the most important skill and influence everything in his life. He retells his history of reading several books and dictionaries and how th process slowly affected his life. He elaborates how reading increases a performance and efficiency to heighten their potential. In â€Å"Learning to Read, â€Å" by Malcolm X, he utilizes repetitionRead MoreEducation Is Against The Law For Kids1301 Words   |  6 Pagesthose students that have trouble learning in such environments, there’s not much hope. In â€Å"Learning to Read,† Malcolm X reveals that he must’ve been one of those troubled students. It wa sn’t until he went to prison that he learned to read and write. However, from that point on he would blossom into a knowledge hungry man that couldn’t bear to spend a second without his head buried in a book. Without at least learning to read, he may have never discovered why the black man had seemingly disappearedRead MoreEssay on Waiting Til the Midnight Hour1733 Words   |  7 PagesJerome Carlos Johnson SOCI 3345: Sociology of the 1960’s Five Page Book Review: Waiting ‘Til the Midnight Hour by Peniel Joseph February 28, 2013 Waiting ‘Til the Midnight Hour by Peniel Joseph Within the eleven chapters that comprise Waiting Til the Midnight Hour lays a treasure chest of information for anyone interested in Black or African American history, particularly the civil rights movement that took place during the 1950’s and 1960’s. I am a self-professed scholar of African AmericanRead MoreEssay about The Autobiography of Malcolm X613 Words   |  3 PagesThe Autobiography of Malcolm X The Autobiography of Malcolm X is the story of Malcolm X, an African American male growing up in the United States in the mid-1900s. At this time in America prejudice and segregation were widespread and much a part of everyday life. Malcolm takes the reader through his experiences with American society, which rejects him. This rejection, along with the inferiority cast upon all Black Americans, forces these males to search for acceptance. They are forcedRead MoreThe American Dream: Malcolm X and Rugged D.1643 Words   |  7 Pages The American Dream: Malcolm X and Ragged D â€Æ' Throughout history, individuals have strived to achieve the â€Å"American Dream.† Whether they worked endless hours to achieve financial stability or fought infinite amounts of people for their equality, their drive came from the understanding that if they tried hard enough, they would be prosperous and successful. The different viewpoints of the â€Å"American Dream† are depicted in the books, The Autobiography of Malcolm X, as told by Alex Haley, andRead MoreMalcolm X : A Man Not Many People Truly Know About1598 Words   |  7 Pages A righteous and amazing individual known as Malcolm X was a man not many people truly know about. Malcolm’s enthusiasm in helping blacks really understand the world they live in and their credence in their society should at the least be welcomed so a correlation can be established and the world can focus on more pressing issues other than race. He was an angry, potent activist and motivated extremist for all the right reasons. In his life he had to overcome many obstacles and triumph over manyRead MoreReading And Writing Is Essential For Understanding And Comprehending Warning Signs And Instructions On A Medicine Bottle1753 Words   |  8 Pagestrying to gain an education or higher education, one must be dedicated and have the drive to reach their goals. For Malcolm X and Frederick Douglass, gaining an education was very different for them as it was difficult and it was almost an impossible goal to achieve. Both of these men never stopped working towards their dream of one day learning how to read and write and this should be an example to young adults of today. X and Douglass foreshadowed the difficulty of gaining an education. In this essayRead MoreEssay on The Civil Rights Movement1708 Words   |  7 Pagesnational leaders to obtain for African Americans the basic rights guaranteed to American citizens in the Constitution. The key players in succeeding with the civil rights movement were the soldie rs returning from the war, Martin Luther King Jr, Malcolm X, The Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC), and the anti-Vietnam War activists. During the civil rights movement, nearly every African American had experienced segregation at lunch stands. In a Journal by Melvin Small, she statedRead MoreWhat does Tone have to do with it?1470 Words   |  6 Pagesdevices to great effect were Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and Malcolm X. King was a Baptist minister and humanitarian. X was a Muslim minister and activist. However, the two possessed diametrically opposed political philosophies. King pursued social reform by following in the peaceful tradition set forth by Mahatma Gandhi (Dasa). Malcolm X, on the other hand, was not averse to using violence. During the African-American Civil Rights Movement that occurred between 1954-1968 in the United States, X and King

Students Housing Choice Is Risk Assessment Essay

Literature Review We have read various scholarly articles relevant to our research topic. Many of these articles come from the University of Illinois, but some come from other universities with similar housing situations as the University of Illinois. We believe by referring to these papers, we can comprehend our topic better and have a better direction to conduct our research. One factor that was analyzed in students’ housing choice is risk assessment. According to a study by Sadayuki (2015), students who prefer university housing over private housing do so because of the lack of risk involved with university housing. These risks involve broken amenities, bad customer services, etc. In the apartment market, students sometimes have to balance between a lower priced but risky apartment, or a higher priced safer one. With this consideration, it could be better to stay in university residence halls to avoid those risks. In another research paper, Seow-Eng, Petrova, and Spieler (2013) pointed to location and safety elements in students’ housing choice. They found that although there is growth in the off-campus market, a majority of university students still prefer living on campus because of the convenience it provides. In terms of safety, universities with higher crime rates see a greater number of students living in university housing compared to schools with lower crime rates. Delgadillo and Erickson (2006) examined student satisfaction with off-campus housing.Show MoreRelatedThe Importance Of Being A Competent Social Worker1490 Words   |  6 Pages(PCF) for the purpose of education and professional development. The nine domains signify various aspects of being a competent social worker. The PCF sets out the stages and the level of knowledge required for social workers as they progress from students to more specialised and advanced roles. Furthermore, the knowledge and skills statement for social workers in adult services and the knowledge and skills for a child and family social worker have been designed to strengthen and enhance the PCF byRead MoreThe Importance Of Being A Competent Social Worker1490 Words   |  6 Pages(PCF) for the purpose of education and professional development. The nine domains signify various aspects of being a competent social worker. The PCF sets out the stages and the level of knowledge required for social workers as they p rogress from students to more specialised and advanced roles. Furthermore, the knowledge and skills statement for social workers in adult services and the knowledge and skills for a child and family social worker have been designed to strengthen and enhance the PCF byRead MoreCounseling And Parent Support Workers At Together Lives Change ( Tlc )1236 Words   |  5 PagesThe only program funded by Medicaid is Therapeutic Day Treatment (TDT). All the programs within TLC are funded through the Family Assessment and Planning Team (FAPT) or the Community Assessment Team (CAT) which is Child Service Act (CSA). The Virginia Comprehensive Services Act provides for the pooling of eight specific funding streams to support services for high-risk youth. These funds are returned to the localities with a required state/ local match and are managed by local interagency teams.Read MoreSocial Research On Ethical And Political Context1556 Words   |  7 PagesHSW322 Applied Social Research in ethi cal and political context Assessment one - Literature Review Student: Mineeka De Been FOCUS OF THE PROPOSAL The focus of this proposal is to undertake a comprehensive needs assessment of the current Barwon South West Region’s Youth Homelessness Services, with the aim of locating and bridging gaps that are presently in the services system, by collecting and analysing information such as assessment data, client interviews and so forth (Depoy Gilson, 2003, p75)Read MoreThe Economic Opportunities For Indigenous Young People Essay1731 Words   |  7 Pagesstandard for Indigenous students in 2014 between metropolitan and remote areas was as follows: ‘the proportion of Indigenous Year 3 students who were at or above the national minimum standard for reading ranged from 84% in Metropolitan areas to 37% in very remote areas, whereas the corresponding proportions for non-Indigenous Year 3 students were 95% and 91%, respectively’ (AIHW, 2015). Retention rates for Indigenous students were also lower in comparison to other students at each year level withRead MoreFamily Diagnoses1 421 Words   |  6 PagesFamily Nursing Diagnoses According to the American Nurses Association (ANA) and the North American Nursing Diagnosis Association (NANDA), the use of nursing diagnoses is to assists the nurse in assessments and treatments of nursing problems. It provides an outline for the nursing model, and gives nurses a reference. The nursing diagnosis provides a clear focus for the development of health goals and nursing interventions. Nursing diagnoses and interventions focuses on individual patient crises,Read MoreThe Effects of Self-esteem and Risk-Taking Behaviors on Financial Management 1314 Words   |  6 PagesAbstract Past research suggests personality variables may affect a person’s style of financial management. Specifically, the purpose of this study was to investigate possible correlations between self-esteem and risk-taking behaviors with financial management. We created a survey measuring these variables, in addition to asking some demographic questions, and had anonymous participants from a Research Methods class take it online. After conducting the survey with the 27 participants, we wereRead MoreWhy Community Nurses Have A Greater Autonomy And Responsibilities1251 Words   |  6 Pageschronic illness management, disease prevention, and health promotion. I have worked with nurses who go to the community centres for immunisation, educating the clients for self-management of diabetes, stoma care, and disease screening for the high-risk population. For instance, with diabetic clients, nurses have the responsibilities to promote health literacy, helping them to understand their hea lth conditions, teaching them the correct way of monitoring blood sugar level regularly, insulin administrationRead MoreStress For College Students1463 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction â€Å"I will be so glad when this semester is over because school is stressing me to the max.† This is a quote that quite a few college students are familiar with and have probably said themselves. College can be a fun but also stressful time for students. They are focused on making sure they attend class and get passing grades so they can be successful and hopefully succeed in the next chapter of their life. Researchers at Columbia University and the University of San Diego conducted aRead MoreThe Emotional Intensity Of The Clinical Material785 Words   |  4 Pages refugees can experience stressors at the micro, meso, exo, and macro, and chronosystem levels. Psychologists can better understand refugees’ experiences through considering a variety of contextual factors, which influence clients’ behaviors and choices. These stressors/factors might differ from refugees’ native country than those of the host country. For example, a refugee can experience dis crimination (through media, school, legal institutions) at the exosystem level in the host country despite

Grand Wines Case Study

Question: Discuss about the Grand Wines Case Study. Answers: Introduction: This assessment deals with the solution to the problem of Grand Wines Ltd. The Role of the Project Leader is to solve the three mentioned tasks respectively using SWOT Analysis, Project Charter and Preparing effective communicational plan for the organization. The significance of Australian Wine Industry is quite large; it is one of the largest exporters of wine in the world and 40% of their production is consumed domestically. Grand Wines Ltd operates all over NSW (New South Wales) and has wine and liquor stores all around the state. The major problem associated with Grand Wines Limited it is facing dissatisfaction from Customers and Sales Representative regarding ordering systems. And with the help of an effective wireless data entry systems they can communicate effectively with their customers and provide correct and valuable orders in the company database. SWOT Analysis: For Grand Wines Limited the execution of the Wireless Data Entry System leads to the business development and profit maximization. Utilization of this expertise helps the organization to decrease the time which it takes in delivering the inventory to the retailers and so the company can deal with market request properly without losing its valuable consumers. STRENGHTS WEAKNESS Less Delivery Time Increase in Sales Customer Satisfaction Good flow of Communication Cost Reduction Reducing Direct Contact of Sales Loss of Data Delays in Delivery Vulnerability of Equipment Development, Implementation Maintenance Cost OPPORTUNITY THREATS Time Saving for Sales Representative Collection of more Data Decreased Delay in Stock Delivery Real Time Streaming of Field Data Faster Data Distribution to Field Operatives Risk of Data Loss during Transfer Integration Growing Technical Dependency Regular updating of Systems Insufficient well trained Field Operatives Hiring of Server Supervisor Project Charter: Title of the Project: Implementation of Wireless Data Entry System Duration of the Project: Please fill up Budget: Existing budget for the project is $60000.00AUD Name of the Project Manager: Please fill up Email: Please fill up Project Objectives: The execution of Wireless Data Entry System as well as its operation in Grand Wines Limited is to reduce the length of time taken by the sales representative while placing an order in the database. The Sales Representative mainly collects data from the retailers and place them manually on the database. The primary objective of this project is Time Management and reduction of cost. This application of Wireless Data Entry System consist of procuring orders efficiently and on the time delivery, accuracy of order, availability of stock and satisfaction of customer are the main purpose and result of this project (Olsen et al., 2016). Project Deliverables: Major Deliverable I Deliverable Description Research Research on Survey will assist to accept the facial appearance and contents of the project. Testing Testing the product before launching it into the System will help to identify the troubles and short coming of the system. Resources All the resources and essential information on the usage of wireless device and wireless data entry system must be accessible to the stakeholders. Scrutiny Scrutiny of various Wireless Data Entry devices existing in the market. Budget From the available budget spending half of the money on products like devices and software Success Measures: Project completes within the given time frame. The Project completes with the given budget that is $60000.00 AUD Stakeholders of this plan are pleased at the end of the project. Increase of Sales of Grand Wines Limited after accomplishment of this System. Satisfaction and retention of Customers (Chong., 2014). Stakeholder List: The Stakeholders of the Grand Wines Limited consists of the CEO of Grand Wines Limited, Sponsors, Grand Wines Project Manager (PM), Team Leader, Marketing Specialist, Financial Advisor and parts of Research and Development Department Team. Approach of the Project: Surveying about the application of Wireless Data Entry System. In developing Software to make sure if there is a loop hole in the Data Entry System. Analyzing the suitable payback time of Grand Wines Limited by way of reduction of costs. Recruiting Training Customer Service employees regarding the use of Wireless Data Entry System and Device (Chong., 2014). Sign-Off: On this project charter all the above Stakeholders are supposed to sign in the respected mentioned part of the table. Communication Plan: Plan Purpose: The main reason behind this plan is to satisfy the Sales Representatives and Customer as they are really dissatisfied with the manual order system of Grand Wines Limited. The plan is to implement Wireless Data Entry System which will accumulate lots of time and money of the company. After the end of this project Grand Wines Limited can increase it income as the Sales Representative will be capable to order the necessary stock in straight amount of time for delivery. As the project deal with the Sales Representative it will follow a downward upward communication (Bruke., 2013). Identification of Stakeholders: The information is mainly associated with Sales Representative, Team Members, class professor and Project Sponsor those will implement the project on the field and will provide adequate feedback and reviews of how well the communication is actually happening. Communication Requirement: Server: For the implementation of the plan the remote server is necessary to be located in the head office for data storage and transfer. Application: Application of Data Entry Software or application in the Data Entry Devices is compulsory for the server. Hardware: Wireless Data Entry Devices and Computers are also needed. Security: As Wireless machinery is associated with high danger about security system. Proper security instrument to monitor the system is required (Bruke., 2013). Information to be Shared: Transfer of information will be mostly in form of Verbal Communication over the phone in this project. The frequency of the information exchange will take place as and when needed. The Sales Representative will communicate mostly in the field or in the head office. Purpose of Communication: The pain purpose of the communication is to understand the scenario in the field while using wireless data entry system how well the sale representative is effective of the change. The communication will take place mostly over the phone. Without proper communication the project evaluation will not be weighted so it is necessary to complete the project successfully good communication throughout the project is required (Bruke., 2013). Change Management: It will be difficult in adapting to the change suddenly but with time the representative will get a hold of the technology and will be efficient. The team will communicate the plan with the help of email and before implementing the plan a physical meeting will be arranged. Changes in the plan may take place like change of devices or software so it necessary for the project manager to discuss all the changes with the Stakeholders and to make decisions accordingly keeping in mind the available budget and time (Bruke., 2013). Meeting Agenda: The main objective of the team is to complete the project with the available budget and within the given time frame and with the minimum payback period. The team will highlight the advantage of using wireless data system, then training the sales representative and showing the product characteristics and implications. Conclusion: A Wireless Data Entry System is one of the most important and influential factor for any organization to sustain and develop. It is one of the tool by which efficiency is increased in an organization. For Grand Wines Limited it will lead to business growth and profit and it will also satisfy the customers. With the implementation of the Wireless System the Sales Representative can decrease the time of delivery. Sales Representative will get the information of at what time the stock is incoming or additional facts required to be composed which can set aside lots of time and money for transportation and communication. By being one of the leading brands in Australia Grand Wines Limited business will grow rapidly and smoothly after implementation of the Wireless Data Entry System in their Organization. References: Bredillet, C., Tywoniak, S., Dwivedula, R. (2015). What is a good project manager? An Aristotelian perspective.International Journal of Project Management,33(2), 254-266. Brennan, J. J., Siebert, W. H., Cerrone, M. C., Williams, J. R. (2013).U.S. Patent No. 8,509,744. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Burke, R. (2013). Project management: planning and control techniques.New Jersey, USA. Chong, S. (2014). Business process management for SMEs: an exploratory study of implementation factors for the Australian wine industry.Journal of Information Systems and Small Business,1(1-2), 41-58. Goetsch, D. L., Davis, S. B. (2014).Quality management for organizational excellence. pearson. Kerzner, H. R. (2013).Project management: a systems approach to planning, scheduling, and controlling. Mora, P. (2016). Tools for Wine Differentiation and Positioning. InWine Positioning(pp. 93-113). Springer International Publishing. Mossalam, A., Arafa, M. (2015). The role of project manager in benefits realization management as a project constraint/driver.HBRC Journal. Olsen, J., Wagner, P., Thack, L. (2016).Wine marketing sales: Success strategies for a saturated market. Board and Bench Publishing. Pritchard, C. (2013).The project management communications toolkit. Artech House.

Vocal Jazz Ensemble Review Essay Example For Students

Vocal Jazz Ensemble Review Essay I attended the Vocal Jazz Ensemble which is directed by Teri Roiger and Studley Theatre Ensemble directed by John Menegon on April 22, 2014 at Julien J. Studley Theatre at 8:00 pm. I was very happy and excited to see this event because of my interest on Jazz music. The first part of the concert was directed by Teri Roiger and the performers were Meghan Caldwell as vocalist, Rob Cosentino as drummer, Adam Cloc as the pianist, Casey Richards as the second vocalist, James Rubino as guitarist and Nick Telesca as the bass player. The second part of the concert was directed by John Menegon and the performers were Oscar Desiderio as guitarist, Russell Hartman as saxophonist, Connor Larkin as the bass player, Jeremiah Mohoney as viola and harmonica player, Michael Schott as drum player, Nick Summers as trumpet player and finally Ryan Teal as the guitar player. The first performance of Vocal Jazz Ensemble was ‘’Social Call’’ by Gigi Gryce and Jon Hendricks. The performance was very nice with the vocals’ performances. The audiences were showing their appreciations with clapping after each solo performance. We will write a custom essay on Vocal Jazz Ensemble Review specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Social Call was a good example of big band arrangements in 1956 by Gigi Gryce. Drum and piano were the most outstanding instruments in this performance of song. Vocalists were very comfortable and self confident while singing. This characteristic of the vocalists made the performance very enjoying to listen. After the first minute of the song the rhythm of singing increased and became as the vocalist is talking. This style is especially coming from artists like Billie Holiday and Carmen McRae. The vocalists gave the deep feeling of the song with their body movements and expressions. Also, the vocalists gave information about the song after the performance. The second song of the first part of the concert which is directed by Teri Roiger was ‘’What a Little Moonlight Can Do’’ written by Harry Woods. The outstanding instruments for this song were drum and piano. The vocalists were performing great and the rhythm of the song was very fast. It was an enjoying performance. The drum’s and piano’s solos were very great and caught the appreciation of the audience. In some parts of the song music was very fast and then it was slowing again. I used to listen this song from Billie Holiday’s recordings and this performance gave me the feeling of 1930s jazz habits. This song has some bob and swing style and melodies. The beats of the song made me willing to listen the music more carefully. The rhythm was very fast than the other performances so this was the most enjoying one for me. The third song was ‘’Don’t Go to Strangers/Save Your Love For Me’’ by Arthur Kent Dave Mason, Redd Evans and Buddy Johnson. This performance was far slower. The outstanding instruments of this performance were again drum and piano. The guitar solo and then the piano solo after that were very good. This combine of the songs were very great and they matched each other very nicely. The songs had blues impacts on them and they were very relaxing to listen. The song was about love and the singing styles of the vocalists were very passionate. Vocalists ended the song by singing together which is really nice. Additionally, their era of recording and styles were very matching. The fourth performance was the ‘’My Funny Valentine’’ by Richard Rodgers and Lorenz Hart. This was one of the performances which I liked most. The rhythm was nice and it has the classical jazz standards. Guitar and the bass were the outstanding instruments. Audience showed their admiration about the performance by clapping after each solo. Also, the performances of vocalists both together and alone were very impressive. The last song of the first part was ‘’Stolen Moments’’ by Oliver Nelson and Mark Murphy. They didn’t stop after the My Funny Valentine and quickly continued with the Stolen Moments. The vocal technique of scat used in this performance which included the two songs and that stand out the vocalists’ role in this song. Scat was more successful than I expected.

Major General Abner Doubleday in the Civil War

Major General Abner Doubleday in the Civil War Born at Ballston Spa, NY on June 26, 1819, Abner Doubleday was the son of Representative Ulysses F. Doubleday and his wife, Hester Donnelly Doubleday. Raised in Auburn, NY, Doubleday came from a strong military tradition as his father had fought in the War of 1812 and his grandfathers had served during the American Revolution. Educated locally in his early years, he was later sent to live with an uncle in Cooperstown, NY so that he could attend a private preparatory school (Cooperstown Classical and Military Academy). While there, Doubleday received training as a surveyor and civil engineer. Throughout his youth, he expressed interests in reading, poetry, art, and mathematics. After two years of private practice, Doubleday received an appointment to the US Military Academy at West Point. Arriving in 1838, his classmates included John Newton, William Rosecrans, John Pope, Daniel H. Hill, George Sykes, James Longstreet, and Lafayette McLaws. Though regarded as a â€Å"diligent and thoughtful student, Doubleday proved an average scholar and he graduated in 1842 ranked 24th in a class of 56. Assigned to the 3rd US Artillery, Doubleday initially served at Fort Johnson (North Carolina) before moving through several assignments in coastal fortifications. Mexican-American War With the outbreak of the Mexican-American War in 1846, Doubleday received a transfer west to the 1st US Artillery. Part of Major General Zachary Taylors army in Texas, his unit commenced preparing for the invasion of northeastern Mexico. Doubleday soon marched south and saw action at the hard-fought Battle of Monterrey. Remaining with Taylor the following year, he served at Rinconada Pass during the Battle of Buena Vista. On March 3, 1847, shortly after the battle, Doubleday was promoted to first lieutenant. Returning home, Doubleday married Mary Hewitt of Baltimore in 1852. Two years later, he was ordered to the frontier for service against the Apaches. He completed this assignment in 1855 and received a promotion to captain. Dispatched south, Doubleday served in Florida during the Third Seminole War from 1856-1858 and also helped to map the Everglades as well as modern Miami and Fort Lauderdale. Charleston Fort Sumter In 1858, Doubleday was posted to Fort Moultrie in Charleston, SC. There he endured the growing sectional strife that marked the years immediately before the Civil War and commented, â€Å"Almost every public assemblage was tinctured with treasonable sentiments and toasts against the flag were always warmly applauded.† Doubleday remained at Fort Moultrie until Major Robert Anderson withdrew the garrison to Fort Sumter after South Carolina seceded from the Union in December 1860. On the morning of April 12, 1861, Confederate forces in Charleston opened fire on Fort Sumter. Within the fort, Anderson selected Doubleday to fire the first shot of the Union response. Following the forts surrender, Doubleday returned north and was quickly promoted to major on May 14, 1861. With this came an assignment to the 17th Infantry in Major General Robert Pattersons command in the Shenandoah Valley. In August, he was transferred to Washington where he commanded batteries along the Potomac. On February 3, 1862, he was promoted to brigadier general and placed in command of the Washington defenses. Second Manassas With the formation of Major General John Popes Army of Virginia in the summer of 1862, Doubleday received his first combat command. Leading the 2nd Brigade, 1st Division, III Corps, Doubleday played a key role at Brawners Farm during the opening actions of the Second Battle of Bull Run. Though his men were routed the next day, they rallied to cover the retreat of the Union army on August 30, 1862. Transferred to the I Corps, Army of the Potomac with the rest of Brigadier General John P. Hatchs division, Doubleday next saw action at the Battle of South Mountain on September 14. Army of the Potomac When Hatch was wounded, Doubleday took command of the division. Retaining command of the division, he led them at the Battle of Antietam three days later. Fighting in the West Woods and Cornfield, Doubledays men held the right flank of the Union army. Recognized for his superior performance at Antietam, Doubleday was brevetted to lieutenant colonel in the Regular Army. On November 29, 1862, he was promoted to major general. At the Battle of Fredericksburg on December 13, Doubledays division was held in reserve and avoided taking part in the Union defeat. In the winter of 1863, I Corps was reorganized and Doubleday was shifted to command the 3rd Division. He served in this role at the Battle of Chancellorsville that May, but his men saw little action. As Lees army moved north in June, Major General John Reynolds’ I Corps led the pursuit. Arriving in Gettysburg on July 1, Reynolds moved to deploy his men in support of Brigadier General John Bufords cavalry. While directing his men, Reynolds was shot and killed. Command of the corps devolved on Doubleday. Racing forward, he completed the deployment and guided the corps through the opening stages of the battle. Gettysburg Positioned northwest of the town, Doubledays men were badly outnumbered by the approaching Confederate army. Fighting valiantly, I Corps held their position for five hours and was only forced to retreat after XI Corps collapsed on their right. Outnumbered 16,000 to 9,500, Doubledays men inflicted 35-60% casualties on seven of the ten Confederate brigades that attacked them. Falling back to Cemetery Hill, the remains of I Corps held their position for the remainder of the battle. On July 2, the commander of the Army of the Potomac, Major General George Meade, replaced Doubleday as commander of I Corps with the more junior Newton. This was largely the result of a false report submitted by the XI Corps commander, Major General Oliver O. Howard, stating that I Corps broke first. It was fostered by a long-running dislike of Doubleday, whom he believed indecisive, which went back to South Mountain. Returning to his division, Doubleday was wounded in the neck later in the day. After the battle, Doubleday officially requested that he be given command of I Corps. When Meade refused, Doubleday departed the army and rode to Washington. Assigned to administrative duties in the city, Doubleday served on courts martial and commanded part of the defenses when Lieutenant General Jubal Early threatened to attack in 1864. While in Washington, Doubleday testified before Joint Committee on the Conduct of the War and criticized Meades conduct at Gettysburg. With the end of hostilities in 1865, Doubleday remained in the army and reverted to his regular rank of lieutenant colonel on August 24, 1865. Promoted to colonel in September 1867, he was given command of the 35th Infantry. Later Life Posted to San Francisco in 1869, to head the recruiting service, he obtained a patent for a cable car railway system and opened the citys first cable car company. In 1871, Doubleday was given command of the African-American 24th Infantry in Texas. After commanding the regiment for two years, he retired from the service. Settling in Mendham, NJ, he became involved with Helena Blavatsky and Henry Steel Olcott. The founders of the Theosophical Society, they converted Doubleday to the tenets of Theosophy and Spiritualism. When the pair moved to India to continue their studies, Doubleday was named the president of the American chapter. He continued to live in Mendham until his death on January 26, 1893. Doubledays name is most commonly known due to its association with the origins of baseball. While the 1907 Mills Commission Report states that the game was invented by Doubleday at Cooperstown, NY in 1839, subsequent scholarship has proven this unlikely. Despite this, Doubledays name remains deeply linked to the games history.

Executive Orders Definition and Application

Executive Orders Definition and Application A presidential executive order (EO) is a directive issued to federal agencies, department heads, or other federal employees by the President of the United States under his statutory or constitutional powers. In many ways, presidential executive orders are similar to written orders, or instructions issued by the president of a corporation to its department heads or directors. Thirty days after being published in the Federal Register, executive orders take effect. While they do bypass the U.S. Congress and the standard legislative law making process, no part of an executive order may direct the agencies to conduct illegal or unconstitutional activities. Brief History or Executive Orders The first recognized executive order was issued by President George Washington on June 8, 1789, in the form of a letter to the heads of all federal departments instructing them to â€Å"impress me with a full, precise, and distinct general idea of the affairs of the United States.† Since then, all U.S. presidents, with the exception of William Henry Harrison have issued executive orders, ranging from presidents Adams, Madison and Monroe, who issued only one each, to President Franklin D. Roosevelt, who issued 3,522 executive orders. The practice of numbering and officially documenting executive orders as such did not begin until 1907 when the Department of State instituted the present-day numbering system. Applying the system retroactively, the agency designated the â€Å"Executive Order Establishing a Provisional Court in Louisiana,† issued by President Abraham Lincoln on October 20, 1862, as â€Å"United States Executive Order 1.† Perhaps the most impactful and certainly most famous executive order was the Emancipation Proclamation issued by President Abraham Lincoln on January 1, 1863, directing all agencies of the federal government to treat the 3.5 million African American slaves being held in the seceded Confederate states as free men and women.   Reasons for Issuing Executive Orders Presidents typically issue executive orders for one of these purposes:1. Operational management of the executive branch2. Operational management of federal agencies or officials3. To carry out statutory or constitutional presidential responsibilities Notable Executive Orders In 1970, President Richard Nixon used this executive order to establish a new federal agency, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, under the Department of Commerce.Shortly after the December 7, 1941, attack on Pearl Harbor, President Franklin D. Roosevelt issued Executive Order 9066, directing the internment of more than 120,000 Japanese-Americans, many of whom were U.S. citizens.In reaction to the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, President George W. Bush issued this executive order combining over 40 federal law enforcement agencies and creating the Cabinet-level Department of Homeland Security.As one of his first official actions, President Obama issued an executive order that some claimed allowed him to hide his personal records - like his birth certificate - from the public. In fact, the order had a very different goal. During his first 100 days in office, 45th President Donald Trump issued more executive orders than any other recent president. Many of President Trump’s early executive orders were intended to fulfill his campaign promises by undoing several policies of his predecessor President Obama. Among the most significant and controversial of these executive orders were: Executive Order Minimizing the Economic Burden of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care ActEO No. 13765 Signed: Jan. 20, 2017: The order reversed provisions of the Affordable Care Act - Obamacare - which he had promised to â€Å"repeal and replace† during the campaign.Enhancing Public Safety in the Interior of the United StatesEO No. 13768 Signed Jan. 25, 2017: The order, intended to reduce illegal immigration, denied federal grant money to so-called sanctuary cities.Protecting the Nation From Foreign Terrorist Entry Into the United StatesEO No. 13769 signed Jan. 27, 2017: The order temporarily suspended immigration from the Muslim-majority countries of Syria, Iran, Iraq, Libya, Sudan, Yemen, and Somalia Can Executive Orders be Overridden or Withdrawn? The president can amend or retract his or her own  executive order at any time. The president may also issue an executive order superseding or nullifying executive orders issued by former presidents. New incoming presidents may choose to retain the executive orders issued by their predecessors, replace them with new ones of their own, or revoke the old ones completely. In extreme cases, Congress may pass a law that alters an executive order, and they can be declared unconstitutional and vacated by the Supreme Court. Executive Orders vs. Proclamations Presidential proclamations differ from executive orders in that they are either ceremonial in nature or deal with issues of trade and may or may not carry legal effect. Executive orders have the legal effect of a law. Constitutional Authority for Executive Orders Article II, section 1 of the U.S. Constitution reads, in part, The executive power shall be vested in a president of the United States of America. And, Article II, section 3 asserts that  The President shall take care that the laws be faithfully executed... Since the Constitution does not specifically define executive power, critics of executive orders argue that these two passages do not imply constitutional authority. But, presidents of the United States since George Washington have argued that they do and have used them accordingly. Modern Use of Executive Orders Until World War I, executive orders were used for relatively minor, usually unnoticed acts of state. That trend changed drastically with the  passage of the War Powers Act of 1917. This act passed during WWI granted the president temporary powers to immediately enact laws regulating trade, economy, and other aspects of policy as they pertained to enemies of America. A key section of the War Powers act also contained language specifically excluding American citizens from its effects. The War Powers Act remained in effect and unchanged until 1933 when a freshly elected President Franklin D. Roosevelt found America in the panic stage of the Great Depression. The first thing FDR did was to convene a special session of Congress where he introduced a bill amending the War Powers Act to remove the clause excluding American citizens from being bound by its effects. This would allow the president to declare national emergencies and unilaterally enact laws to deal with them. This massive amendment was approved by both houses of Congress in less than 40 minutes without debate. Hours later, FDR officially declared the depression a national emergency and started issuing a string of executive orders that effectively created and implemented his famed New Deal policy. While some of FDRs actions were, perhaps, constitutionally questionable, history now acknowledges them as having helped to avert the peoples growing panic and starting our economy on its way to recovery. Presidential Directives and Memorandums Same as Executive Orders Occasionally, presidents issue orders to executive branch agencies through presidential directives or presidential memorandums, instead of executive orders. In January 2009, the U.S. Department of Justice issued a statement declaring presidential directives (memorandums) to have exactly the same effect as executive orders. A presidential directive has the same substantive legal effect as an executive order. It is the substance of the presidential action that is determinative, not the form of the document conveying that action, wrote acting U.S. Assistant Attorney General Randolph D. Moss. Both an executive order and a presidential directive remain effective upon a change in administration unless otherwise specified in the document, and both continue to be effective until subsequent presidential action is taken.

Organizational Culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Organizational Culture - Essay Example Mallinger and Goodwin depict how technology, competition and dynamic business environments in the technological epoch have increased the need for organizational culture. Comprehending the cross-functional effects of change is imperative to the fostering of a productive organizational change (Mallinger). Organizational change influences positive change in organizations that observe it. When the culture of an organization aligns with its goals and mission of an affiliation, positive results are available. According to the authors, cultural insight induces awareness of employee acceptance of change and pinpoints root causes of quandaries that hamper increased performance. Organizational culture is measurable through determining how an organization’s members can affect change, conform to ambiguous practices, achieve orientation, handle individualism against collectivism, handle egalitarianism and orient time and orient space. The authors offer an example of the Goodwin Company whe re its employees have an influential nature, had minimal collaboration among its management and lacked strategic plans for the company’s future (Mallinger). This adversely affects its organizational culture. The proposed structural alterations include establishing a strategic management department that addresses core challenges, offering employees and clients an influential voice and establishing a vision that encourages belongingness and fosters teamwork between all departments in the affiliation. ... Recognizing Organizational Culture in Managing Change Mallinger and Goodwin depict how technology, competition and dynamic business environments in the technological epoch have increased the need for organizational culture. Comprehending the cross-functional effects of change is imperative to the fostering of a productive organizational change (Mallinger). Organizational change influences positive change in organizations that observe it. When the culture of an organization aligns with its goals and mission of an affiliation, positive results are available. According to the authors, cultural insight induces awareness of employee acceptance of change and pinpoints root causes of quandaries that hamper increased performance. Organizational culture is measurable through determining how an organization’s members can affect change, conform to ambiguous practices, achieve orientation, handle individualism against collectivism, handle egalitarianism and orient time and orient space. T he authors offer an example of the Goodwin Company where its employees have an influential nature, had minimal collaboration among its management and lacked strategic plans for the company’s future (Mallinger). This adversely affects its organizational culture. The proposed structural alterations include establishing a strategic management department that addresses core challenges, offering employees and clients an influential voice and establishing a vision that encourages belongingness and foster teamwork between all departments in the affiliation. After initiating such reforms towards positive organizational culture, the authors found out that shifting an established organizational culture is a challenging activity that requires utter

Limist of data indicatiors for pupblic administrators Essay

Limist of data indicatiors for pupblic administrators - Essay Example Transparency International defines corruption as â€Å"the abuse of entrusted power for private gain."1 On the other hand, freedom is defined by Freedom House as "the opportunity to act spontaneously in a variety of fields outside the control of the government and/or other centers of potential domination."2 We need to realize that both corruption and freedom have a common factor – government. According to the assumptions of the media, countries with high levels of corruption, low levels of freedom, and high levels of unemployment, specifically among young men, are the main reasons why some countries face political vulnerability and turmoil. Table 1, located in Appendix I, shows rates of corruption according to CPI investigations and questions, which are based on methodology that measures countries according to two main categories – political rights and civil liberties. Data Perceptions: An interesting line graph forms after studying the data in the Table 1 (located in Appendix I). This line graph shows how close the rates of freedom and unemployment are. More specifically, the graph shows that the country with the highest rate of freedom (least amount of freedom) is Libya (7.0). To compare this with another country, Tunisia has a rate of 6.0.

Learning Styles Inventory Essay Example for Free

Learning Styles Inventory Essay Taking the Learning Styles Inventory Test was an insightful, informational, and introspective experience as a whole. It measures seven areas of standards or measure that clearly define an individual’s behavioral approach on learning – the visual, social, physical, aural, verbal, solitary, and logical learning styles. Each question within the test inquires about an individual’s leaning or inclination to harboring the outcomes of learning from each means or scenario indicated. The questions provide a learning situation where one will determine how he identifies with it, and one’s identification with each specific scenario determines how one learns through various situations. Putting oneself within each scenario allows one to review or evaluate one’s motivations in learning in order to understand clearly how one’s behavior and learning environment would and should be altered to facilitate greater learning. The result of the Learning Styles Inventory Test clearly indicates my personality or takes on the learning situation. Out of the seven learning styles, the Memletic Learning Styles Graph, as shown below, depicts that I am more inclined to learn effectively when I utilize my physical functions. The rating for each of the learning styles was remote that the bodily-kinesthetic learning style (18 points) stands out among the seven. (â€Å"Learning Styles Inventory – Results Page,† 2007) This piece of information I find true as I do tend to want or need to manipulate or experiencing things in order to learn or realize the structures or dimensions of objects, concepts, occurrences, and such. (â€Å"The Physical (Bodily-Kinesthetic) Learning Style,† 2007) Therefore, the result from the test did not surprise me at all. Next to the physical learning style, the aural learning style (15 points) follows as the second dominant one that applies to me. This is yet another factual information because I do find myself enjoying the learning experience when I work with music or sounds in the background. (â€Å"The Aural (Auditory-Musical-Rhythmic) Learning Style,† 2007) Music, as part of the learning environment, sets the mood or rhythm that motivates me to carry on and finish, not to mention enjoy, what I am doing. On the contrary, the least learning styles that I can identify my learning behaviors with is the verbal learning style (11 points), also including the visual, social, and solitary learning styles (12 points each). This means that I am not motivated enough to learn by reading or writing, looking at or watching visuals, socializing with other people, and even keeping to myself. The results of the test suggest that my strengths lie in my motivations and capabilities to do, or to become more productive by being actively involved during the learning experience. However, it might be difficult to become motivated within the learning environment as learning media such as visuals, written texts, the processes of socialization and independent learning are part of learning strategies or approaches being utilized in most cases. Moreover, the learning environment is balanced, such that it fosters various methods or approaches in learning; and my unbalanced learning styles suggest that I will not be able to keep up with the learning environment. Perhaps the most logical thing to do at this point is to try to even out or balance the learning styles that I should be accustomed to in order to draw out the advantages from it whenever the learning environment or situation calls for it. If it remains to be unbalanced, like my test results indicate, inflexibility will not facilitate learning but hinder the process of acquiring knowledge and skills as learning environments vary every time. Accomplishing this goal means that I would have to expose myself to varying learning situations, and understand the importance of each one in order to balance out my learning inclinations for the seven learning styles indicated. With this in mind, as the realization of the need to balance out these learning styles I have come to realize, I believe that taking the test allows one to understand the importance of being exposed to various learning situations and experiences which fosters creativity, flexibility, and competence in the workplace. References â€Å"Learning Styles Inventory – Results Page. † (2007). Retrieved November 26, 2008, from Advanogy. com. Website: http://www. learning-styles-online. com/inventory/results. asp â€Å"The Aural (Auditory-Musical-Rhythmic) Learning Style. † (2007). Retrieved November 26, 2008, from Advanogy. com. Website: http://www. learning-styles-online. com/style/aural-auditory-musical/ â€Å"The Physical (Bodily-Kinesthetic) Learning Style. † (2007). Retrieved November 26, 2008, from Advanogy. com. Website: http://www. learning-styles-online. com/style/physical-bodily-kinesthetic/

Managing Information Systems Essay -- Business Management Studies Essa

Managing Information Systems The aim of this assignment is to see the requirements for developing and managing a comprehensive Management Information system for an organization. In today's business environment it is getting harder and harder for organization’s to not only survive but to compete against other organizations. Information technology plays a big part in helping companies compete and survive. Companies that have branches or franchises need to make sure that they can communicate with the head office so that orders can be passed down. Most of a mangers time is spent 1 Passing information and ideas upwards to senior management to aid their decision making 2 Providing other department managers with information which will help them do their jobs more effectively 3 Passing information down wards to subordinates 4 Conveying attitudes or creating them 5 Receiving and interpreting facts and data 6 Communicating with people out sides the company e.g. suppliers. The manager needs resources to aid him with the task mentioned above. Management information systems and decision support systems are two such resources. Computers and information systems play critical roles in the operation of most organizations. All organizations, from factories to banks, are highly dependent on information for their day-to-day operations. The vast quantity of information that large corporations and government agencies need to operate, and the speed with which that information is created and used, makes computer-based information systems critical to such operations. What is a Management Information System? There are different definitions of a management information system: â€Å"Management Information system products produce information products that support many of the day-to-day decisions –making needs of management. Reports, displays, and responses produced by such systems provide information that managers have specified in advance as adequately meeting their information needs.† Taken from Management Information Systems Third edition by James A. O’Brien PG 370 â€Å"Management information system can be defined as a network of computer based processing procedures that are integrated with manual and other procedures to provide timely, effective information to support managerial planning and control† Taken from C... ..., Vol. 28 No. 2, May 1990, pp. 89-101 Burrell, G. and G. Morgan, "Sociological Paradigms and Organizational Analysis", Heinemann Press, London, Chismar, William G. and Charles H. Kriebel, "A Method for Assessing the Economic Gallagher, Charles A., "Perceptions of the Value of a Management Information System", Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 17 No. 1, 1974 Hirschheim, Rudy and Heinz K. Klein, "Four Paradigms of Information System Development", King, William R. and Jaime I. Rodriguez, "Evaluating Management Information Systems", MIS Quarterly, September Lee, Allen S., "A Scientific Methodology for MIS Case Studies", MIS Quarterly, March Lucas, Henry C., "Performance and the Use of an Information System", Management Science, Vol. 21 No. 4, April 1975, pp. 908-918 Melone, Nancy Paule, "A Theoretical Assessment of the User Satisfaction Construct in Information Systems Research", Srinavasan, A., "Alternative Measures of System Effectiveness: Associations and Implications", MIS Quarterly, September Weill, Peter, and Margrethe H. Olson, "Managing Investment in Information Technology: Mini Case Examples and Implications", MIS Quarterly, March

Competetive Nucleophiles Essay

Introduction: The purpose of this experiment was to compare the relative nucleophilicities of chloride ions and bromide ions in two different reactions. One reaction involved n-butyl alcohol and the other involved t-pentyl alcohol. We performed the reactions and compared the percentages of alkyl chloride and alkyl bromide in the product. To perform this experiment, we used methods including heating reaction mixture under reflux, extraction using a separatory funnel, drying with anhydrous sodium sulfate, and refractometry. Experiment Scheme: First, we prepared the solvent-nucleophile medium. We combined 44mL 7.7M sulfuric acid with 4.75g ammonium chloride and 8.75g ammonium bromide, and we heated the mixture with stirring to dissolve the salts. We put 17mL into a separatory funnel for use in the second reaction, and placed the rest into a reflux apparatus for our first reaction. We performed the first reaction of the competitive nucleophiles with 1-Butanol. We added 2.5mL of 1-butanol to the solvent-nucleophile medium in the reflux apparatus with a boiling stone and heated the mixture under reflux for 75 minutes. After reflux was completed, we allowed it to cool in an ice bath, and transferred the solution to a clean separatory funnel. The different phases separated, and we drained the lower aqueous layer. We added 5mL water to organic layer, mixed and collected the lower organic layer. We extracted the organic layer with 5mL sodium bicarbonate, drained organic layer and dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate. We decanted the alkyl halide solution and set it aside to be analyzed by refractometry. We performed the second reaction of competitive nucleophiles with 2-methyl-2-butanol. We measured 2.5mL of 2-methyl-2-butanol into the separatory funnel containing 17mL of the solvent-nucleophile medium. We swirled the mixture, venting occasionally until pressure equalized, then shook it vigorously with occasional venting for 2 minutes. We then allowed phases to separate. We drained the lower aqueous layer and poured the top organic layer into a small beaker containing 0.5g sodium bicarbonate. When bubbling stopped and clear liquid was obtained, we decanted the alkyl halide and began analysis by refractometry of the products from both reactions. By refractometry, we measured the refractive index of the products and used Equation 1 and 2 to calculate the percentages of each product (Pavia, Lampman, Kriz, and Engel, Organic Chemistry Laboratory Manual p. 47-50). Reaction 1 (Pavia, Lampman, Kriz, and Engel, Organic Chemistry Laboratory Manual p. 47-50) Discussion: In this experiment we used 2 nucleophiles, the bromide ion and the chloride ion. We performed 2 reactions with these nucleophiles in equimolar concentrations, and they competed with each other for the substrate. Normally, alcohols do not react well in nucleophilic substitution reactions because the hydroxide ion (a strong base) would need to be displaced, and it is not a good leaving group. For that reason, the substitution reaction must take place in acidic solution; the alcohol must first be protonated because water is a stable molecule and a better leaving group. After protonation, the substrate reacts by either the SN1 or SN2 mechanism. 1-Butanol will react by the SN2 mechanism because it is a primary alcohol while 2-methyl-2-butanol will react by the SN1 mechanism because it is a tertiary alcohol. In Reaction 1, the major product was the alkyl bromide and the minor product was the alkyl chloride because bromine is more reactive; bromide is a stronger nucleophile. In Reaction 2, there essentially was no major product because the alkyl bromide and alkyl chloride formed in nearly equal amounts; the product was racemic. This is because it followed the SN1 reaction mechanism. The rate determining step is the loss of the H2O molecule forming a carbocation, and this step does not require a nucleophile (Pavia, Lampman, Kriz, and Engel, Organic Chemistry Laboratory Manual p. 47-50). Important methods used in this experiment included heating reaction mixture under reflux, extraction using a separatory funnel, drying with anhydrous sodium sulfate, and refractometry. When heating under reflux, we used a condenser attached to the flask that we were heating. Under reflux, our system could heat the mixture to boiling and vapors condensed and drop back into the flask. We can heat our mixture for a long time at boiling point without losing any product. In refractometry, we measured the refractive index of our product mixture, which is the ratio of the speed of light in a vacuum to the speed of light in the media of interest. We can use our measured values with the standard values to calculate the percentages of alkyl chloride and alkyl bromide. Sources of error could include the extraction process and the reading of the refractive index values. During extraction, it is possible that the phases may not have completely separated or the reactants did not fully react to form products, so some of the reactants could possibly enter into our final mixture. When finding refractive index values, it is possible to have some error when reading the value. Overall, error did not have a huge effect on our results. We could improve the procedure by being very careful to remove the entire aqueous layer during extraction so none gets into our final product for refractometry testing. In conclusion, the experiment turned out well. Our results align with the expected results. We expected that the alkyl bromide will be the major product of Reaction 1 because it followed the SN2 mechanism, and we expected that the product from Reaction 2 would be a racemic mixture because it followed the SN1 mechanism. Questions: Bromide is a stronger nucleophile because the chlorine is more electronegative than bromine, so it holds electrons in closer. Bromine is less electronegative and has more electrons, and it is able to share unpaired electrons much more easily than chlorine. References ChemSpider Chemical Database. Royal Society of Chemistry, 4 July 2012. Web. Accessed 11 Sept. 2012. Sigma-Aldrich. Sigma-Aldrich. 2012. Web. Accessed 11 Sept. 2012. Pavia, Lampman, Kriz, and Engel. Organic Chemistry Laboratory Manual. Cengage Learning: Mason, OH, 2009. Print.

Achieving Excellence through Unity Essay

â€Å"One is said to be the loneliest number of all. † It sounds cheesy but it does make sense. This passage though sounds good, seems different on how others understand . One in this passage, refers to the number, the volume, the physical being. One can signify being alone, solitude and seclusion, but if we would come to think of the other parallel of ONE, we might come up to these ideas : one means UNITY , one means TRIUMPH , one means TOP and one means EXCELLENCE. Our distinguished members of the board of judges, esteemed members of the academe, my fellow orators, beloved parents and friends, every day we face many moments of truth, daily choices that present us opportunities for excellent performance . But let me ask you two things, first, â€Å"Do we really have the presence of excellence in our lives? â€Å" Well, allow me to give you some points . We Filipinos are well – known for being talented an enthusiast yet, we cannot escape from the fact that we are almost at the edge of the abyss of stagnation. The poverty , the never ending conflict in Mindanao , the immortality , high rate of criminality and the continuous declining quality of our education in the past twenty years, is this what we call excellence? And here’s my next question, â€Å"Are we really helping others to gain excellence by cultivating their talents ?† We merely answer, yes, because we think that we are excellent if we have the talents , the guts, and the confidence to execute things through enhancing others’ talents, we are helping them to become excellent ones . But we are wrong ! For excellence is not about the talent alone, in fact , the major of it has nothing to do with the talent . I t is a desire to share knowledge and to build a perfect vision of competence to cope with promising future. But sometimes we failed ; we failed to teach one another the competence we need. We are untrained in excellence which makes a man passionately desire to be a perfect citizen , who knows how to rule and to obey with justice and  wisdom. Now , whom can we blame ? To whom will we point our fingers ? – TO NO ONE – but to ourselves. Yes , we are . Ask me why? It is because we are part of each other’s life. Remember, if someone was about to slip , someone else could catch him. But the question is, † Do we exert some effort?† Mesdames and Sir , please ask yourselves : How can ONE makes our lives?†

Philiosophies in Early Childhood Teaching Essay Example

Philiosophies in Early Childhood Teaching Essay Example Philiosophies in Early Childhood Teaching Essay Philiosophies in Early Childhood Teaching Essay Formal Writing Assignment: Introduction to Early Childhood Education Instructor: Ecole Morris- University of Montana-Western Goal: to develop a personal teaching philosophy of early childhood education based on research and analysis. Purpose: If someone asked you to explain your philosophy of teaching young children, what would you say? How would you begin to formulate a statement that captures the essence of your belief about teaching and learning? Teacher candidates are increasingly being asked to articulate their philosophy of teaching. This request is often in conjunction with the submission of a teaching portfolio for seeking teaching positions or dossier for promotion and tenure. A teaching philosophy is a statement of reflection about what you will do as a teacher. Your beliefs influence your action. It has been recognized by many teachers that the process of identifying a personal teaching philosophy and continuously examining, testifying, and verifying this philosophy can lead to change of teaching behaviors and ultimately enhance professional and personal growth. Assignment: For this assignment articulate your teaching philosophy in two phases. (100 points) 1. Introduction: at the beginning of the semester, you are required to write a 4-5 page paper. In it, consider the following points: * Why do you want to become an early childhood education teacher? * What type of teaching position do you hope to obtain, and why? * What are your strongest characteristics or talents as a potential early childhood educator? * What are the factors that influence your decision to pursue this career? 2. Areas to emphasize: Use the following questions to help you think about your beliefs regarding teaching young children. It is not necessary to respond to each of these questions in your written philosophy. You may also decide to comment on additional issues as well. Take some time to think about each one in some depth. * How do you view young children? What is the child’s role in his/her education? What do you belief about how young children learn? * What role does family play in your teaching? How will you include them in your classroom? What are your views on inclusion, how will you include all children in your classroom? * How do you view the role of the teacher? How will your views influence your teaching? * What kind of environment do you hope to create in your future classroom? How does this relate to your basic beliefs about young children and learning? * What do you hope young children will become? What do you want them to achieve, accomplish, learn, feel, etc.? * What kind of feedback will you offer your students as they work? What kind of assessment will you use to be sure that students have met objectives? * Looking back at the history of early childhood education, who or what approaches have the greatest impression on you, and why? General Paper Format Suggestions: * Use present tense, in most cases. Write the paper in first-person (which is the most common and easiest for your audience to read). * Write in language and concepts that can be broadly appreciated. A general rule is that the statement should be written with the audience in mind. It may help to consider a school administrator (e. . , school principal) as your audience. * Write a paper that will let your audience know where you stand in regard to important educational theories and practices. By including specific examples of teaching theories and approaches, you are able to let your reader take a mental â€Å"peek† of your classroom. * Make the paper memorable and unique. Think of this teaching philosophy as part of a job application w here your readers are seeing many of these statements. What is going to set you apart from others? What about you are they going to remember? Create a vivid portrait of yourself as someone who is intentional about teaching and committed to his/her career. * A working draft will be developed and reviewed by a peer during the class. This working draft will be submitted with the final draft. * The personal philosophy paper must be typed, double-spaced, following APA (6th ed. ) guidelines. It must be a minimum of 4 pages not including references or appendices. A minimum of 3 references must be used. No more than 1 of these can be electronic (internet) references. A textbook bibliography can be a goldmine of references to follow up on as well.

Plastics in Childrens Toys

Plastics in Children's Toys Neither you nor your child can escape the touch of plastics, and for the most part, you dont need to worry about it. Most plastics are perfectly safe for even very small children. Plastics in their pure form typically have low solubility in water and have a low level of toxicity. However, some plastics found in toys contain a variety of additives that have been found to be toxic. Although the relative risk of injury from plastic-based toxins is low, its prudent to select your childs toys carefully. Bisphenol-A Bisphenol-A usually called BPA was long used in toys, baby bottles, dental sealants, and even thermal receipt tape. More than 100 studies have linked BPA to problems including obesity, depression and breast cancer.   PVC Avoid plastics that are marked with a 3 or PVC because polyvinyl chloride plastics often contain additives that can make plastics more harmful than they need to be for children. The volume and type of those additives will vary by the object and may differ significantly from toy to toy. The manufacture of PVC creates dioxin, a serious carcinogen. Although the dioxin shouldnt be in the plastic, its a byproduct of the manufacturing process, so buying less PVC may be an environmentally smart decision. Polystyrene Polystyrene is a rigid, brittle, inexpensive plastic commonly used to make plastic model kits and other toys. The material is also a base of  EPS foam. In the late 1950s, high-impact polystyrene was introduced, which was not brittle; it is commonly used today to make toy figurines and similar novelties. Plasticizers Plasticizers such as adipates and phthalates had long been added to brittle plastics such as polyvinyl chloride to make them pliable enough for toys. Traces of these compounds can possibly leak out of the product. The European Union placed a permanent ban on the use of phthalates in toys. Furthermore, in 2009 the United States banned certain types of phthalates commonly used in plastics. Lead According to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, plastic toys may contain lead, which is added to the plastic to soften it. If the toy is exposed to high heat, the lead may leach out in the form of dust, which may then be inhaled or ingested by a child or pet. A Little Bit of Vigilance Almost all plastic childrens toys are safe. A vast majority of toys are now made with polybutylene terephthalate plastic: You can tell these toys apart by sight, as they are the brightly colored,  shiny, very impact-resistant objects littering toy boxes across the country. Regardless of the type of plastic you encounter, its always wise to discard or recycle any plastic object that shows obvious signs of wear or degradation.   So although theres no need to panic about toxic toys, a little bit of vigilance especially with antique toys, or very inexpensive mass-produced toys may protect your children from unnecessary exposure.

Short paper on American history (to 1877) Assignment

Short paper on American history (to 1877) - Assignment Example As the rest 13 colonies lacked the elected representatives in British parliament, they found the laws and policy illegitimate and in violation of their rights as Englishmen. (Shmoop Editorial Team, 2008) Many colonies started to create committees of correspondence leading to their own provincial congresses. These committees or provincial congresses in course of 2 years dismissed the British government rule. The colonies in addition to rejecting the British parliament replaced the political frame work of the state and gathered themselves and coordinated the first continental congress in 1774. Many Protestants then started to emerge, especially in the areas of Boston. In result of protests against British attempts to assert authority, Britain sent troops to combat and dissolve local governments and to impose direct royal officials decree. (The American Revolution) In answer colonies started to organize their military against British acts and soon after war broke out within the states. This war is a important bench mark in the history of American Independence and is known as revolutionary war. Even though many colonies decided to stay away from the war and sent repeated pleas to the British parliament yet the British king declared the 13 Colonies â€Å"In rebellion† and traitor. By 1776 these colonies on their own cast votes in second continental congress and adopted declaration of independence. Furthermore, U.S.A along with, with French, Spain and United provinces defeated Britain in 1777 at Saratoga. This made French have open alliance with U.S.A. later to confine British defeat, America with French army captured large part of British colony which was led by British general Charles Cornwallis at York town, Virginia in 1781. The successful capture put an end to British efforts to find military solutions to American problem. U.S.A was now an independent state and these thirteen colonies subsequently made the first thirteen states of

Analysis of the Film The Women Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Analysis of the Film The Women - Essay Example Although the characters of the film were from upper class Manhattan who were supposed to be independent from men compared to most of their female counterparts during their time, their lives and their perceive importance is still tied up to men. The story revolved around the cat chase between Mary Haines (played by Norma Shearer) and her philandering husband Stephen (who was not seen in the film) who has to battle it out with the gold digging counter girl Crystal Allen (played by Joan Crawford). Yes the women in the film were assertive only that their assertion revolves around men that were never seen in the entirety of the movie. Given the theme of the movie, it would be appropriate to discuss the following aspect in the film; Status, relationship, and emotional life. Status and motivation Status is stressed in the analysis because given the status of women in the film (Mary Haines and company), they could be anything they wanted if they chose to be. They were wealthy. Yet, even with their financial independence, their sense of victory, particularly the character of Mary who has to battle it out with Crystal was centered on men. ... Basically, the ethos of the film was still women using their sexuality to win a man despite the absence of lewd representation. The men on the other hand were portrayed to be a â€Å"catch† especially in the case of Crystal who is in the quest of hunting married men who could support her. The film stereotyped women as dependent to men and Crystal’s gold digging tendency is the extreme side of it while Mary only highlighted it by equating her worth and victory as a woman to winning her man. Relationships Relationships were a central aspect of the film The Women. It showed how women in the 1930s put so much importance in the relationship with their men that their value as a person is tied with it. This is not to downplay the importance of relationship only that in the film, The Women’s worth seemed to be tied up with them. This transcends to their personal worth which is the case of Mary to their economic well being in the case of Crystal. Whatever angle it is look ed at, it still portrayed dependency. This was highlighted in the characters of two main protagonists Mary and Crystal whose circumstances only aggravated the portrayal of women. In the case of Mary, women are stereotyped whose lives revolve around men. This was aggravated with the discourse of the film where they are always involved in gossips, an unproductive activity that suggests that they have nothing better to do. It also diminishes their status, despite their wealth and financial independence because it communicates that they cannot be productive. With Crystal, women are stereotyped to be dependent to men who cannot fend for themselves that they have to find a man who will support her. Her portrayal as a gold

Industry Analysis of Real Estate Law Research Paper

Industry Analysis of Real Estate Law - Research Paper Example This is done before the persons are introduced into more advanced case studies and practices within the industry. There is also a certificate program that has three units in escrow which assists in equipping people with the relevant real estate agent skills. These units include investment, human resource, mathematics, business related courses in accounting, and law. They assist in completing the program and at the same time provide individuals with an appreciation and an understanding of the business world. Most particularly it assists them with an understanding of the responsibilities within the industry of escrow. Real estate law is extremely significant to users because it assists them in identifying significant updates based on a wide range of issues. These are issues that highly affect the commercial real estate professionals and attorneys. It also includes other issues to do with leasing and equity, taxes, litigation, finance, security, regulations and even legislation. On the other hand, the real estate law assists an individual in staying up to date with the news regarding litigation, regulations, and registration. This is especially for those that affect commercial real estate and at the same time monitor public policy decisions that may affect a real estate dealer, or their clients. Real estate law also assists in strategic planning of reports for personal transactions especially those that are able to signal various industry trends and various commentaries differentiated by economists., These are economists who are capable of analyzing the present data and at the same time put an excellent real estate indicator in the business perspective. It also assists an interested party in having a conclusive interview with the real estate attorney or any... According to an article on step by step process of how real estate can close a paperless loan, it is evident that the real estate industry is coming up with new ideas. These new ideas are meant to boost the industry in terms of growth and development. Although many people have been curious on how these paper the industry is embracing this new idea. It is now possible for a person to close their real estate transaction without using any papers. This is an idea that has really boosted the real estate business especially because it would be easy to prove a transaction. In the past, con artists would forge documents and act as real estate agents and this way many people would lose their money and have no prove to prove the existence of a transaction. This new idea may be highly affected by certain industry trends. For instance, implementing this idea may be costly meaning that economically, the idea may be difficult to implement. On the other hand, the society may not embrace this idea f ully since it requires most of them to be educated. The industry should take time and teach every individual within a society the benefits of this idea.

Assessment Of Pharmacology Teaching Nursing Essay

Assessment Of Pharmacology Teaching Nursing Essay Students feedback is an indicator of the success of any teaching methodology followed in a department. AIM/OBJECTIVE: To identify strengths and weaknesses in the current teaching-learning and evaluation methodology in pharmacology using feedback from second MBBS students in Meenakshi Medical College and Research Institute. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Questionnaire was designed and finalised after a departmental discussion in concurrence with Medical Education Unit. The study subjects were 115 (2011batch) second-year medical students. They were requested to fill the questionnaire. A 10-item multiple choice questionnaires were used to explore the students opinion on teaching. The questionnaires were analyzed. RESULTS: 115 II M.B.B.S students participated and descriptive statistics was used for analysis of data. The analysis revealed 82.82%, 72.17% and 93.64% students interest towards writing classification of drugs, weekly test and viva-voce respectively. CONCLUSION: The present study has h elped us to elicit the student preference regarding pharmacology teaching and its outcome would be helpful in modifying undergraduate pharmacology teaching pattern. KEY WORDS: Medical education, Pharmacology Assessment, Medical school learners. INTRODUCTION: The primary aim of teaching pharmacology to medical students is to train them on rational and scientific basis of therapeutics. Pharmacology teaching is facing a major challenge in the medical science due to constant reformation. Generally, there is a opinion that teaching pharmacology in medical schools has failed to keep in pace with the rapid changes in medical practice. Attempts have been made all over India to make teaching of pharmacology more interesting and relevant (Gitanjali.B.et.al. 2006). To make pharmacology teaching more innovative and interacting learning experience, efforts have been made by formulating new educational strategies to meet the educational objectives. Educational objectives can be evaluated by assessment procedures and timely feedback to achieve the learning goal. In Meenakshi Medical College and Research Institute, Pharmacology teaching comprises mostly of a series of didactic lectures using power point presentations covering general, systemic pharmacology and practical pharmacology which includes animal experiments and clinical pharmacology sessions spread over the academic year. To evaluate the students progress we conduct monthly internal assessment tests consisting of multiple choice questions, essay questions, short notes and ultra short notes for 3 hr time duration including model practical exams conducted twice in a year. Regular viva voce exams follow the monthly internal assessment test to develop their communication and interaction skills. Apart from this regular schedule of assessment, we also introduced a method of assignment on classification of drugs after each system. To reinforce the learning process, we implemented weekly test on the first hour of every week based on the lectures delivered over the previous week. The test was conducted for one hour which covered various portions of the chapter in detail testing the levels of knowledge. After completing the above schedule meticulously, at the end of the year to understand the beneficiaries opinion we planned to collect the students feedback. Currently the students feedback represents the primary means used by different programs to assess their methodology (Richardson B.K.2004). Feedback helps in correcting mistakes, reinforcing good performances and incorporating students view in teaching methodology. It is accepted that reviewing the teaching and evaluation methods by feedback from students and modifying of methodologies accordingly is very important for the undergraduate medical teaching. (Ruth N 2000, Victoroff KZ 2006) Thus the present study is an effort to obtain and analyze critical appraisal on, The student attitude toward teaching and learning pharmacology in Meenakshi Medical College and Research Institute, Enathur, Kanchipuram. Assessment of pharmacology teaching using student feedback. Methods to improve the teaching of pharmacology. Materials and Methods: A questionnaire was designed to obtain feedback and finalized after a departmental discussion with concurrence of Medical Education Unit. The study subjects were 115-second year MBBS students of 2011 batch studying in Meenakshi Medical College and Research Institute, Enathur, Kanchipuram. All the students enrolled in the study were requested to fill up the questionnaire. The study was conducted at the end of their academic year in Department of Pharmacology. A ten-item multiple choice questionnaires and an open ended question for suggestion were provided to explore the students opinion on teaching and learning methods imparted. The questionnaire was analyzed by two observers. The questionnaire was designed in such a way to assess the knowledge, their attitude and skills developed during their one and half year course in pharmacology. Both the theoretical and practical pharmacology practiced by different methods during their study period were evaluated from the feedback form. Statistics: Descriptive statistics was used for analysis of data. Frequency was shown as percentage. Results: One hundred and fifteen students of II MBBS participated and responded in the questionnaire study. Based on the pattern of studying pharmacology,48.69% studied pharmacology once or twice a week on regular basis and 34.78% opted studying only for monthly tests and viva voce exams which reflects on their regular preparation for monthly internal assessment test(TABLE-1).54.75% of students preferred lecture notes and text books as the source of studying pharmacology. TABLE -1 Majority (87.82%) of students approved writing and maintaining classification of drugs. 53.91% have opined that the assignments had improved in better understanding about the different classes of drugs.43.47% of them have reported its usefulness to memorize and reproduce in the test and also to apply in their clinical postings. Among the assessment methods, 54.78% of students favored monthly internal assessment test for their significant improvement in their academic performance. In the weekly test conducted, 72.17% of students found weekly lectures correlating with weekly tests, 51.30% of students mentioned that the true or false part of the weekly tests created interest (TABLE-2). TABLE-2 Majority (66.95%) of students preferred regular tests in clinical pharmacology sessions when compared to the experimental pharmacology. Most (93.64%) of the students have mentioned regular viva-voce exams following monthly internal assessment test had improved their communication skills. Among the teaching learning methods practiced, 52.17% of students preferred theory lectures followed by clinical pharmacology sessions 46.95% and group discussions 45.21%(TABLE-3). TABLE-3 Discussion: Feedback is defined as a response within a system that influences continuous activity or productivity of that system. In the present study on educational context, it would mean a response from the learner about the teaching learning process. Feedback is essential to find out the effectiveness of the process, the need to change it, as well as, to evolve strategy for its improvement. From the feedback evaluation obtained, it is observed that students like to study pharmacology by regular test / viva and interactive classes so by these way students understand the subject properly (Nilesh Chavda 2011 et.al). This is very much correlating in the present study feedback results. It was found that students preferred writing and maintaining classification of drugs throughout their academic year, which were corrected periodically by the faculty, who played the role of mentor for the given group of students to cultivate and sustain the habit. Writing classification of drugs by medical school learners has helped them to understand the different classes of drugs and also to systematically memorize and reproduce in the written test as well as the knowledge application in clinical rotations (TABLE-4). TABLE-4 Students opined that monthly internal assessment test was mostly useful than the weekly written test for their academic performance in theory exams, the reason for the following may be monthly internal assessment pattern is similar to that of university examination. The weekly written test has definitely kept the students in pace with the portions being completed every week. By answering the weekly test their preparation, facing and performing monthly internal assessment had become extremely comfortable and confident . The weekly test had various parts, students considered true or false part of the weekly test has created interested in them, the fact to get such a feedback may be the chances of getting the wrong answer is only 50%. Also they have mentioned that, Match the following with extended responses have stimulated their thought process to find the correct response. The feedback also emphasized the students interest towards more interactive sessions on Clinical pharmacology exe rcises and felt it should be given regular emphasis than the animal experiments. According to Gibbs G et al, 1987 active review during the lecture, involving students in structured discussions, using questionnaires and asking them to summarize are the three most important things to be followed and practiced for a effective teaching-learning process. To conclude though the teaching learning method implemented in the present study required a lot of strenuous hard work from the faculty particularly preparing questions, organizing test and more importantly correcting all the papers in a week period, it has created an interest in learning pharmacology among students. The feedback from learners has clearly exhibited their likeliness for the variety or different methodological approach instead of regular didactic lectures offered by the department of Pharmacology. Acknowledgements: We sincerely thank our II M.B.B.S Students of Meenakshi Medical College Research Institute (GRIFFINZ) for the participation

King Nebuchadnezzar II :: History

King Nebuchadnezzar II Nebuchadnezzar II was a Babylonian king around 605 B.C. and was the second king in the Chaldean dynasty. He was born in 635 B.C. and died in the October of 562 B.C. He became King in 605 B.C. 3 weeks after his father’s death. He was 30 years old when he became king and reigned for 44 years. When he died his son, Amel-Marduk took over the throne. He wasn’t only a great king but a great warlord. He is known for conquering Jerusalem, deporting the king of Judah, Jehoiakim, and many of Jehoiakim’s people to Babylon. He and his father Nabopolassar commanded an army together north of Assyria. When he lead a campaign against the Egyptians and came back victorious, Babylon became the most powerful military force in the Middle East. When he was 25 he started acting as a military administrator. One year after his crowning he gets the oath of submission from the rulers of the local states in Syria and Palestine. When Nebuchadnezzar gets his first serious military defeat which was when he was fighting an Egyptian army, it weakened him politically and many of the states withdrew their oaths of submission. His other main achievements were revitalizing Babylon, rebuilding the temple of Marduk and a nearby ziggurat. The Median Wall was built under the reign of Nebuchadnezzar. The Ishtar Gate, one of the eight gates of the inner city of Babylon, was also built during the reign of Nebuchadnezzar II. King Nebuchadnezzar II of Babylon dedicated the great Ishtar Gate to the goddess Ishtar. It was the main entrance into Babylon. His most famous achievement was creating the Hanging Gardens of Babylon, one of the seven wonders of the ancient world. Some people think that King Nebuchadnezzar built that gardens for his homesick wife from Medes. A historian in 450 B.C. named Herodotus wrote that the Hanging Garden outer walls had â€Å"a 56 mile length, a 80 foot thickness, and a 320 foot height†, but archaeologists claim that it’s outer walls had about a length of 10 miles and not nearly as high but still high enough to be very impressive. It was made with huge slabs of stone (stone was only used one other time in Babylon and that was on the north wall of the Northern Citadel). Within the walls there were fortresses and temples with huge statues of solid gold.

Navigating the Global Essay: Lost in Translation & Seamus Heaney Essay

The reactions of characters towards a growing global culture, whether a retreat or an embrace, are heavily influenced by personal choices. Within the arena of Navigating the Global, choices are almost certainly influenced by the circumstances in which they occur, whether this be a choice to keep the connection to the local, or move towards a more global setting. Three key texts that exemplify this phenomenon include the film ‘Lost in Translation’ by Sophia Coppola made in 2003, the Seamus Heaney’s poems ‘Digging’ (1998) and ‘Personal Helicon’, and finally the illustration ‘Globalisation’ (2012) by Michael Leunig. All three delve deeply into the interplay between internal choice and external circumstance. While they do explore how circumstances can influence choices, ‘Lost in Translation’ has a secondary investigation of how choices can impact the circumstance. ‘Lost in Translation’ is a film that explores the decisions made by two characters when they are stranded in a foreign country. It also shows how their circumstances ultimately shape the decisions that they make. The characters already exist in a highly globalised world, and furthermore, in one of the most technologically advanced cities on the planet – Japan. Although the film is set in this city, there is also an element of the local throughout the film. Japan’s juxtaposition of the new age and deep-rooted tradition becomes a focus throughout the film as the protagonists ultimately end up giving favor towards that global utopia they found with each other. The protagonists, Charlotte and Bob represent opposing sides of this; Charlotte the traditional, Bob the new age. A scene that best represents Charlotte’s displacement within this technological environment, is when she is situated within her hotel room, and is talking to a friend on the phone. The dull lighting and grey cityscape that is seen from out the extensive window, highlights her displacement within the hotel. The mid close up angle of Charlotte huddled on a seat in the middle of the room, crying to her friend about how she misses them, further demonstrates her isolation within the bleak setting. This juxtaposes strongly with her behavior when she is out near a temple with nature around her. She seems, although alone, to be more at home and interested with the culture than when alone in the hotel, and in one scene, is in awe of a tender moment between bride and groom. This is shown through the wide shot of her standing back from the couple, and a panning shot of them walking, with the bride in traditional dress. The fact that we feel Charlotte is more comfortable within a natural setting is even more relevant to the choice that she makes to spend more time with Bob in a more commercial and overbearing city, and within the hotel. The hotel is one of the most symbolic features of the film and as hotels are a worldwide symbol for globalization and the merging of culture with traditions, this becomes important when Bob chooses to stay longer because of the close friendship formed with Charlotte. They are a physical manifestation of cross-cultural convergence in one single place. Therefore, the hotel in ‘Lost in Translation’ becomes a clear depiction of not only the protagonists circumstances influencing their choice, but of isolation, of the limits of the American ethos, and of the dangers of language barriers. This is demonstrated clearly in the sauna scene for Bob, when two other men have a conversation, possibly in German, which he is incapable of understanding. The high angle mid close up shot of the two men sitting together, talking comfortably, while Bob is distanced from them with a pained expression, illustrates his confusion and ostracism from general banter and interaction with new people. Earlier in the film, Bob tries to communicate to the photographer in his whiskey advertisement. The director rants for a lengthy period, making grand physical gestures and dramatically giving instructions, but when he finished this performance, his translator says only a simple sentence of vague direction. This is another vital indication of how the true meaning of words and conversation is completely lost in translation. This theme of the globalised world of Japan is relevant to the circumstance that the movie has been set up in because of Sophia Coppola’s 21st century up bringing. The movie itself can be seen as a comment on the growing global scale of the world, and the multicultural boundaries that are blurring and changing within the world. Not unlike Lost in Translation, Michael Leunig’s cartoon ‘Globalisation’ focuses on the move away from the natural and towards embracing an increasingly global and technological world. The image portrays two human figures in the centre, they are framed on one side by a stark, black tree that seems to be smouldering as if having just been burnt, and on the other side by a collection of tall buildings with small windows, seen from a distance. The only text in the illustration says, ‘What is Globalisation? Globalisation is installing light globes in as many places as possible on the face of the earth’. The pun of ‘Globalisation’ is used to diminish or even parody the impact of actual globalisation. The human figures face away from nature and appear to prefer the cityscape, with their faces upturned with slight smiles. This symbolism of moving away from the smouldering, suffering tree and towards the seemingly pristine city is used to convey that we, as humans, are forgetting our original position in nature. He suggests a conscious choice to move away from the natural and towards the global culture. The fact that the tree is so prominent within the picture, and that it is giving off some kind of toxic looking smoke, is an ominous symbol which forshadows the dangers of preferring the man-made to our natural state. Similarly, this preference is reflected repeatedly in Lost In Translation, with characters moving towards the global and more technological world. But in contrast, Leunig conveys this in a more sinister and ignorant tone, whereas in Lost In Translation, the more modern setting is seen as a kind of safe haven for the two characters who are lost in their mutual isolation. This relates back to the issue of how the circumstances that you are in, e. g. the isolation that Charlotte and Bob feel, and the dying natural world in Leunig’s illustration, influence the choices that are made, this time being to move and accept a more global world. In contrast to Lost In Translation, Seamus Heaney’s poems ‘Digging’ and ‘Personal Helicon’ focus on the importance of the local, and the foundational relationships held within choosing to keep that homely connection. Within these two poems, great importance is placed on the exploration and appreciation of nature and the natural environment. Throughout the poem ‘Digging’, the connection to his father, grandfather and other family members, and his choice to remain connected with his Irish heritage is seen through â€Å" †¦ a clean rasping sound – When the spade sinks down into the gravelly ground – my father, digging. I look down. The auditory imagery in ‘rasping sound’ when explaining the shovel noise is an immediate link to nature, and the significance of potatoes and agriculture in Irish heritage is highlighted. The direct link to his father with ‘ My father, I look down’ conveys his relationship with his father is still there, but that it has changed from him looking up to his father, to him making the more adult choice of acknowledging his work, but moving away from him, or becoming an adult. This choice to distance himself from the expectations of his father comes within the last line â€Å"Between my finger and my thumb- The squat pen rests- Ill dig with it. The metaphor of turning his more modern job of a writer, and the tool in which he uses, his pen, and turning it into a spade which was his father and grandfathers tool, tells us that, although he is honoring family and keeping within the local by still maintaining connections, the circumstances for him have changed, and so he moves only slightly to a more modern world. The poem ‘Personal Helicon’ is slightly different, in that it is completely about moving away from the people around you, and the advancing world, and finding peace in solitude and nature. This poem of the recollections of a man looking back on his childhood and his fascination with wells, is one that demonstrates how childhood and the associations that you had as a child, in this instance with nature, can influence what you do later in life, and how he longs for that childhood fascination again. Within the line ‘I savored the rich crash when a bucket – Plummeted down at the end of a rope. ’ It gives us insight into Heaneys connection with the simplicity of nature, and his childlike self’s fascination with earthy objects. This is further shown in ‘ When you dragged out long roots from soft mulch – A white face hovered over the bottom. ’ The use of ‘you’ indicating that it is a relatable situation, and the tactile and visual imagery found in ‘ long roots’, ‘soft mulch’ and ‘ White face’ gives us further insight into his connection and love for nature. The mention of his reflection being seen in the water is a link to how he sees himself in nature, and is therefore connected to it. The last lines in the poem ‘ †¦ To pry into roots, to finger slime†¦ Is beneath all adult dignity. I rhyme- To see myself, to set the darkness echoing. Shows that as an adult, it is unacceptable to do the things he once loved as a child, and the only way to conjure the memory of that is to tell it through his poems. The use of the high modality of ‘beneath all adult dignity’ alludes to the fact that he is now in a world that is un-accepting of nature, and the choice he has made to stay within that position means that he can never really find his solitude within nature that he had as a child, growing up in Ireland and the farming culture that valued nature, again. Within the texts ‘Lost in Translation’ by Sophia Coppola, ‘Digging’ and ‘Personal Helicon’ by Seamus Heaney and ‘Globalisation? by Michael Leunig, the issues of how circumstances can affect choices within the globalised world, and how the choices you make will and can affect the circumstances you are in is explored through a number of different ways. Whether the characters have chosen to retreat from the modern world, or embrace it, the choices made within the texts are coming from some sort of influence from their previous circumstances. It is clear that your upbringing and loca l situation will influence how you go about navigating through an increasingly global situation.